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thereligioushistorynerd

2023-02-07T11:58:24-06:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

The First Dalai Lama

Last updated on: February 7, 2023 at 11:58 am   By Barbara O'Brien

Even if you know little else about Buddhism, you’ve heard of the Dalai Lama. The current Dalai Lama is His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso. But who was the first Dalai Lama? How did the line of Dalai Lamas get started? Note also that, in a sense, there was more than one first Dalai Lama. But before telling the story of the first Dalai Lama, here is some background to help you understand what’s going on. The Role... Read more

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2022-12-13T15:03:50-06:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

How Many Days Did Buddha Sit Under the Bodhi Tree?

Last updated on: December 13, 2022 at 3:03 pm   By Barbara O'Brien

How many days did Buddha sit under the Bodhi Tree? The standard answer is forty-nine days. But there are several other answers. If you are new to the story: The foundational story of Buddhism tells us that a young man named Siddhartha Gautama, the son of a king, left his family to become a wandering mendicant and seek enlightenment. After a time he vowed to sit in meditation under a large pipal tree and not move from that spot until... Read more

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2025-10-08T12:34:49-05:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

The History of Budai, the Laughing Buddha

Last updated on: October 8, 2025 at 12:34 pm   By Barbara O'Brien

You may wonder why the Buddha is so often depicted as chubby and laughing. The Laughing Buddha is understood as a particular Buddha who is not the Buddha who founded Buddhism. This particular Buddha is named Budai (sometimes spelled Pu-tai) in China. In Buddhist iconography there are many different Buddhas. Buddha is a title derived from a Sanskrit word that means “to awaken.” A Buddha is a being who has awakened from ignorance, in particular ignorance of the true nature... Read more

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Mahayana Buddhism

2022-12-03T15:17:05-06:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

Will Ancient Gandharan Scrolls Change Buddhist History?

Last updated on: December 3, 2022 at 3:17 pm   By Barbara O'Brien

The Gandharan scrolls are ancient scrolls, mostly in fragments, that in recent years have been turning up in northwestern Pakistan and eastern Afghanistan. The scrolls are Buddhist, and it’s suspected they all came from one monastery’s library. They are written in a language called Gandhari and date from the 1st century BCE to the 3rd century CE. They are the oldest extant Buddhist manuscripts in the world. Scholars have been restoring and deciphering the Gandharan scrolls while expecting they might... Read more

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Gandhara

2022-12-08T10:28:42-06:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

The Surprising History of Handel’s Messiah

Last updated on: December 8, 2022 at 10:28 am   By Barbara O'Brien

There are a number of dubious stories about George Frideric Handel’s oratorio Messiah. (The formal name of the piece is Messiah, not The Messiah.) For example, Handel is said to have composed the very long work in a remarkably short time. I’ve seen claims that he composed it all in nine days, although other estimates say it was twenty-four days, or maybe three to four weeks. Four weeks is still remarkable. Handel’s Messiah is a lot of music. A standard... Read more

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Handel's Messiah

2022-11-23T09:10:32-06:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

Arguments Against the Wall of Separation Between Church and State

Last updated on: November 23, 2022 at 9:10 am   By Barbara O'Brien

I’ve written a number of columns looking at issues involving religion and the U.S. Constitution. The last one, Jefferson’s Wall of Separation Between Church and State, explains the history behind the (in)famous “wall of separation” phrase and what it means. But a lot of Americans are enraged by Thomas Jefferson’s church and state metaphor, which he used to explain the religion clauses of the First Amendment to the Constitution — “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion,... Read more

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Wall of separation

2022-11-23T11:58:45-06:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

Jefferson’s Wall of Separation Between Church and State

Last updated on: November 23, 2022 at 11:58 am   By Barbara O'Brien

There is no more controversial phrase in U.S. history than Thomas Jefferson’s “wall of separation between church and state.” It first appeared in a letter written by Jefferson in 1802, while he was President of the United States, and it began to turn up in Supreme Court opinions in the 19th century. Jefferson’s metaphorical wall of separation between church and state is routinely disparaged by religious conservatives to this day. Many Christian Nationalists want to abolish it. Some members of... Read more

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2022-11-19T12:01:56-06:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

Thomas Jefferson v. Establishment of Religion

Last updated on: November 19, 2022 at 12:01 pm   By Barbara O'Brien

In the 18th century establishment of religion, or designating an official state religion, was common in Europe and in the British colonies in North America. And U.S. founders Thomas Jefferson and James Madison were adamantly opposed to the practice. As these two men of Virginia were laying the foundations of religious freedom in the United States, their first priority was denying government the power to establish a religion. Freedom of religion, they reasoned, required abolishing establishment of religion. Religious liberty... Read more

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2022-11-18T11:29:00-06:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

James Madison and Religious Freedom

Last updated on: November 18, 2022 at 11:29 am   By Barbara O'Brien

Among the U.S. founding fathers, nobody cared more about religious freedom than James Madison.  Madison (1751-1836), America’s fourth president, was deeply involved in crafting the U.S. Constitution and promoting its passage. His peers called him “the father of the Constitution.” He was the chief author of the first ten amendments to the Constitution, also called the Bill of Rights. And whenever people complain about the many Supreme Court decisions enforcing the separation of church and state — such as Engel... Read more

Religion and current events

Religious Freedom

Establishment Clause

2022-11-18T22:23:18-06:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

The Problem With Bible Readings in U.S. Public Schools

Last updated on: November 18, 2022 at 10:23 pm   By Barbara O'Brien

In 1956, a student in a public high school near Philadelphia protested his school’s daily Bible readings and prayer. He thumbed through a borrowed Quran instead of attending to verses from the King James Bible. And then he remained seated, and silent, while the rest of the class recited the Lord’s Prayer.  The rest is history. A court challenge that began with a high school student’s quiet protest of Bible readings was decided by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1963.... Read more

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