{"id":399,"date":"2014-10-24T11:51:57","date_gmt":"2014-10-24T16:51:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/admin.patheos.com\/blogs\/splitthemoon\/?p=399"},"modified":"2014-10-27T01:15:11","modified_gmt":"2014-10-27T06:15:11","slug":"serial-episode-5-lets-talk-about-cells-baby","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/splitthemoon\/2014\/10\/serial-episode-5-lets-talk-about-cells-baby\/","title":{"rendered":"Serial Episode 5: Lets Talk About Cells, Baby"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<\/head>

<\/a>

Radius of cell tower L689, the \u201cLeakin Park\u201d tower \u2013 credit to Redditor Anjin. Anjin says this radius can go up to 20 miles.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>

\u201cOn May 28th, Lisa Marie Roberts, of Portland, Oregon, was released from prison after serving nine and a half years for a murder she didn\u2019t comm<\/span>it. A key piece of overturned evidence was cell-phone records that allegedly put her at the scene.\u201d This comes from this story<\/a> featured in the New Yorker earlier this year.<\/p>\n

This piece and others describes how the cell phone technology, pre-GPS, is in fact \u201cjunk science\u201d. \u00a0It is nearly impossible to pinpoint a cell phone\u2019s location using the tower that it \u201cpings\u201d. \u00a0According to the New Yorker article, \u201c(R)ather than pinpoint a suspect\u2019s whereabouts, cell-tower records can put someone within an area of several hundred square miles or, in a congested urban area, several square miles.\u201d<\/p>\n

In this well-cited study<\/a>, published in the Richmond Journal of Law and Technology, the researcher concludes the following:<\/p>\n

\u201cCell site data can track the location of cellular phones if enough <\/em>information is available to perform triangulation. However, the <\/em>
\naccuracy of triangulation depends on multiple factors, from the duration of <\/em>the call to the geography of the region.\u00a0<\/em>The interpretation of historical <\/em>cell site data can prove a useful investigative tool, if law enforcement <\/em>properly recognizes its limits. From such information, law enforcement <\/em>can determine the general coverage area from which a phone call was <\/em>placed, but not the precise location within that area. Historical cell site <\/em>data can also show that a call was not made from a certain area.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Not only do experts debunk the idea that a cell phone\u2019s location can be determined from assuming the tower it \u201cpings\u201d is closest to it, courts have actually excluded cell tower evidence, finding it unreliable as to the location of the phone at the call. \u00a0Across the country, cell phone evidence based on mapping the towers being hit is now under legal attack and scrutiny<\/a>:<\/p>\n

\u201cIt is not possible,\u201d Daniel (forensic expert) said, \u201cfor anyone to reliably determine the particular coverage area of a cell-tower antenna after the fact based solely on historical cell-tower location data or call-detail records.\u201d He said weather, time of day, types of equipment and technology, and call traffic all affect an antenna\u2019s range.<\/em><\/p>\n

Jeff Fischbach, a forensic expert from Los Angeles who assisted the defense in the Roberts case, said, \u201cThere are so many different factors [involved] that two cellular devices stationed next to each other making phone calls at the same moment could still get different towers. .\u2009.\u2009. I\u2019ve seen proof that two individuals, subscribed to the same cellular provider, standing next to each other \u2014 on surveillance \u2014 can still get different towers.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

And as stated in this American Bar Association article:<\/p>\n

\u201cMichael Cherry, the CEO of Cherry Biometrics, a Falls Church, Va.-based consulting firm that has led the legal assault on cell tower tracking, calls it \u201cjunk science\u201d that should never be admitted in any court for any reason. In fact, he can\u2019t believe that such an easily disproved technique, which has been around for a decade or more, is still routinely being used in court.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u2018No one who understands the relevant science would ever claim that data from a single cell tower can reliably be used to specify the location of a caller at the time a particular call is made,\u2019 he says.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

So now that it\u2019s been determined that there are significant limitations to the use of cell phone evidence and that such faulty evidence has been both been used to convict innocent people and been thrown out of court, let\u2019s turn to Adnan\u2019s case. The first case in Maryland to ever use such cell phone tower evidence.<\/p>\n

At the end of episode four we heard that the police, despite the many varied versions of Jay\u2019s story, decided to believe him because they were able to corroborate his story. In episode five we learned how. Cell phone tower evidence. The exact same evidence I just talked about above.<\/p>\n

According to the Serial team\u2019s investigation Jay\u2019s testimony spanning the day included the \u201cpinging\u201d of 14 towers. But at trial the prosecution only mentioned 4 of those 14. Why? Because, as Sarah said, the others didn\u2019t match up. All day, in fact, from noon to about 6pm, the cell phone towers pinged did not match Jay\u2019s story. But, and this is where everyone draws a sharp breath and clutches their chests, two calls between 7-8pm pinged tower L689 \u2013 the tower by Leakin Park. Not only the tower by Leakin park BUT also at the same time that Jay alleges they were actually there burying the body.<\/p>\n

Let\u2019s take a look at the map of the cell phone towers and the places Jay and Adnan were at during the day according to Jay:<\/p>\n

Courtesy of Redditor Tanyaface \u2013 thank you Ms. Face!<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Now, it\u2019s hard to see and read this map here, so you can go to the full version here<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Let\u2019s start the night before. It was around midnight, the day of Jan 13th, 1999 had just begun. Adnan had apparently gotten a new cell phone and was giving his friends his number. He called Hae twice that night, at 12:01 am and again at 12:35am. Here are the cell phone towers that pinged during those calls:<\/p>\n

12:01 am \u2013 L602<\/p>\n

12:35 am \u2013 L654<\/p>\n

Note on the map where these towers are located. They\u2019re not even next to each other, they\u2019re on opposites sides of the map. And neither of them are closest to Adnan\u2019s home, which is where Adnan was calling from that night.<\/p>\n

The next phone call is in the morning at around 10:45am, Adnan calling Jay\u2019s house. He\u2019s at the school and the tower that pings is L651, the tower by the school. All is good.<\/p>\n

Next, from noon to about 6pm, we know Jay has the cell phone. We know that because Adnan, Jay, and Jenn have all verified it and we also know it because the very next phone call after the 10:45am call is a 12:07 call to Jenn. We can presume this is Jay since Jenn is not friends with Adnan. \u00a0Jenn is very good friends with Jay. Like very very good friends:<\/p>\n

<\/a>

Gutierrez cross examining Det. McGillivary about his interview with Jenn<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n*
** Did I mention she and Jay were close? So close that he made seven calls\/pages to her that day but not a single call to his girlfriend Stephanie, whose birthday it happened to be. \u00a0It turns out Jen\u2019s pretty close to the family in general. A search of her criminal records shows she was implicated in a crime with a close relative of Jay\u2019s.<\/p>\n
** Ok, getting back to the call log and cell towers.<\/p>\n
** Now, according to Serial\u2019s investigation and plotting the cell towers for the rest of the day, until about 6pm, Jay\u2019s testimony does not match the cell towers, as I mentioned earlier. From around 1pm to around 3:45-4:15 Jay was at Jenn\u2019s house (according to Jen), and got a call he was expecting at which point he left. As I said in my last post, in that time frame, two calls were actually \u00a0made to Jenn\u2019s house. While apparently Jay was actually there. I haven\u2019t seen this explained yet but I have to wonder \u2013 was Jay actually ever at Jenn\u2019s house that afternoon?<\/p>\n
** Given the fact that Jay\u2019s testimony does not match the cell phone records during 12-6pm, its either:<\/p>\n
** 1) The cell phone evidence is reliable, but Jay is lying about where he was all day or<\/p>\n
** 2) The cell phone evidence is totally unreliable<\/p>\n
** Adnan hit it on the head when he said to Sarah that when it came to the cell phone evidence, when it was in Jay\u2019s favor it was deemed reliable but when it was against Jay\u2019s story, it was essentially ignored. Given the fact that 10 out of 14 cell pings were not presented by the state at trial because they didn\u2019t match the cell phone records, given the fact that the midnight calls to Hae ping\u2019d totally different towers, and given the fact that experts themselves say there is no way to pinpoint a phone\u2019s location by cell tower activation, you\u2019d think I am going with option 2, the cell evidence is totally unreliable. But I\u2019m not.<\/p>\n
** What I think is that the cell evidence is sometimes probably reliable in determining what area a phone is in, and sometimes not reliable. In other words the weight of this \u201cevidence\u201d is unreliable, though the evidence itself may sometimes be spot on. The problem is you don\u2019t know when it\u2019s spot on and when it\u2019s not. Look back at the first graphic at the top of this post. That is the range for the Leakin Park cell tower. The graphic shows it goes up to 3 miles, but the range is actually up to 20 miles. It is as possible that Adnan\u2019s phone was close to Leakin Park as it is possible that his phone (and he himself) were at the mosque or anywhere else in that range at that time.<\/p>\n
** But giving weight to spotty evidence as corroboration of Jay\u2019s ever-changing testimony is a real\u2026big\u2026stretch.<\/p>\n
** Here is a good time to remember this: the timeline that Sarah and the Serial team used to match up to the cell phone records was the timeline Jay presented at the second trial. Which was different from the timeline he presented at the first trial. Which was different from the timelines he presented during his police interrogations (see my last blog post). Why did his timelines keep changing? \u00a0Maybe because as he was repeatedly shown the cell phone records by the police he realized his story had to fit those records. Of course it had to. Otherwise he would be useless in the case against Adnan and he\u2019d lose any chance of a plea that let him walk scott free. Which he did.<\/p>\n
** Assuming that the cell tower evidence corroborates Jay\u2019s story is actually backwards. What really happened is that Jay was shown the records repeatedly until his story matched up as well as it possibly could to the records. At some point Jay was burying Hae (with or without someone else there). There were three calls that ping\u2019d the Leakin Park cell tower, two around 7pm, and one at 4:12pm. \u00a0Adnan couldn\u2019t possibly be at Leakin Park at 4:12 because of track practice, so they had to go with the 7pm calls. The cell phone records didn\u2019t give proof of Jay\u2019s story. Jay\u2019s story changed to fit the cell records.<\/p>\n
** So what about the 4:12 call? \u00a0It was outgoing, to Jenn\u2019s landline. But Jenn said Jay was at her house at that time. It seems more likely he may have been at out of her house, calling her. Maybe from Leakin Park. Maybe not. But from her own house? Unlikely.<\/p>\n
** Its one thing to misremember exact times you went from one place to another, but first offering, then entirely omitting, the highly detailed episode about the Cliffs leads me to believe that Jay was made aware that this story just couldn\u2019t fit the timeline he was offering or the phone records. Maybe he was encouraged to forget it.<\/p>\n
** *It should bother everyone that the state apparently randomly decided the 2:36 call was Adnan calling Jay from a phone booth at Best Buy (of which there is no evidence that it ever existed) when both Jay and Jenn said he got a call around 3:30 or so. But a call at that time wouldn\u2019t work. Here is why:<\/p>\n

<\/a>*
** Teacher testifying about Adnan and track practice<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
** \u00a0<\/p>\n
** If the call Jay was waiting for came around 3:30, the state\u2019s case is thrown off. And they couldn\u2019t let that happen. So they picked the call that would allow Adnan to return to track practice in time. But barely, as we heard after Sarah\u2019s attempt to drive the route as the state presented it.<\/p>\n
** I don\u2019t know if others felt it, but my heart broke when I heard Adnan\u2019s response to Sarah after she told him she was able to do the route to Best Buy by 2:36. \u00a0He was so sure it couldn\u2019t happen because he actually never did it.<\/p>\n
** \u00a0<\/p>\n
** \u00a0<\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
** *Now, according to Serial’s investigation and plotting the cell towers for the rest of the day, until about 6pm, Jay’s testimony does not match the cell towers, as I mentioned earlier. From around 1pm to around 3:45-4:15 Jay was at Jenn’s house (according to Jen), and got a call he was expecting at which point he left. As I said in my last post, in that time frame, two calls were actually made to Jenn’s house. While apparently Jay was actually there. I haven’t seen this explained yet but I have to wonder – was Jay actually ever at Jenn’s house that afternoon?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1704,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-399","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adnan-syed"],"yoast_head":"\nSerial Episode 5: Lets Talk About Cells, Baby<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Now, according to Serial's investigation and plotting the cell towers for the rest of the day, until about 6pm, Jay's testimony does not match the cell towers, as I mentioned earlier. From around 1pm to around 3:45-4:15 Jay was at Jenn's house (according to Jen), and got a call he was expecting at which point he left. As I said in my last post, in that time frame, two calls were actually made to Jenn's house. While apparently Jay was actually there. 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