Penal Substitution

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September 2025

September 02, 2025

Why “Jesus Died the Death I Deserve” Misses the Point

A common phrase in contemporary evangelical theology is "Jesus died the death I deserve." You'll...

October 2023

October 24, 2023

Must God punish every sin … including forgiven sins?

Some claim that punishment is the mechanism that secures God’s forgiveness; instead, it is the...

August 2023

August 02, 2023

Aubrey Sequeira questions me on the atonement. Here are my answers.

This video answers Aubrey Sequeira's 3 questions to me concerning my view of the atonement...

April 2023

April 04, 2023

Was Jesus Forsaken By God? It Depends

“My God, my God why have you forsaken me?” People often assume Jesus’ words have...

March 2023

March 21, 2023

Does Atonement Require Payment, Penalty, or Punishment?

Few things muddle the doctrine of atonement more than when we mix biblical metaphors. One...

January 2023

January 24, 2023

Affirming Penal Substitution But Not Its Logic

Yes, it's possible to affirm penal substitutionary atonement but not the logic that most PSA...

November 2019

November 19, 2019

Is Penal Substitution a Western Doctrine?

We take a risk whenever we talk about culture and other such broad ideas. Everyone...

November 13, 2019

The Relationship between Honor, Shame, and Penal Substitutionary Atonement

Sooner or later, someone will ask the question. Whether at a conference of in personal...

June 2013

June 12, 2013

Does Christ Satisfy God’s Honor or His Justice?

Of making many atonement theories, there is no end. It can be a real headache...