{"id":3341,"date":"2024-05-19T23:24:49","date_gmt":"2024-05-20T06:24:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/?p=3341"},"modified":"2024-06-02T13:07:54","modified_gmt":"2024-06-02T20:07:54","slug":"what-does-the-obedience-of-faith-mean-in-romans-15","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/2024\/05\/what-does-the-obedience-of-faith-mean-in-romans-15\/","title":{"rendered":"What does the Obedience of Faith mean in Romans?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<\/head>

The obedience of faith\u2014what does it mean? In Romans 1:5 we read that the reason Paul was specially selected by the Lord to become an apostle was for the purpose of bringing about the \u201cobedience of faith\u201d (\u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03ae\u03bd\u00a0 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \/ hupako\u00ean piste\u00f4s<\/em>) among all nations on behalf of Christ. The importance of the phrase is clearly evident. It reappears at the letter\u2019s end in Romans 16:26, forming as it were bookends at the virtual beginning and ending of Romans\u2014an inclusio. <\/em><\/p>\n

The phrase also seems to be implied in the thesis of the entire letter in Romans 1:17. There we notice the similar phrase, \u201cfrom faith to faith\u201d that seems to suggest a progression of faith. Romans 15:18 clearly implies the phrase again, this time emphasizing Paul\u2019s ministry of bringing about the obedience of the gentiles.<\/p>\n

Despite its significance in this letter, the interpretation of this phrase is hard to pin down. What does it mean?<\/p>\n

We find the obedience of faith in Romans 1:5 and 16:26. \u201creligion faith cross\u201d via pixabay.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n***Is Obedience a \u201cWork\u201d? <\/strong><\/h2>\n*****

Part of the problem with the phrase is that many church-goers think that \u201cfaith\u201d is opposed to \u201cworks.\u201d So then, how can faith be so intricately bound together with obedience? Isn\u2019t obedience a \u201cwork\u201d?<\/p>\n

In response, even if obedience is a \u201cwork,\u201d so what? Faith is not<\/em> opposed to works. Not only does James 2 affirm this but also Paul himself. He claims that we shall all appear before the judgement seat of Christ to render an account of our deeds (i.e., our works<\/em>)\u00a0on judgment day (2 Corinthians 5:10; Romans 2:6\u201316).<\/p>\n

Believers are likewise to do \u201cgood\u201d\u2014that is, good works\u2014to all people, especially those of household of faith (Galatians 6:10). They were created to do \u201cgood works\u201d in Christ Jesus (Ephesians 2:10). We also notice Paul speaking about the \u201cwork of faith\u201d in 1 Thessalonians 1:3 and 2 Thessalonians 2:11, and \u201cfaith working through love\u201d in Galatians 5:6.<\/p>\n

What Paul comes against is the idea that doing the works of the law <\/em>(observance of Mosaic Law) can justify gentiles before God (Galatians 2:16; Romans 3:20), or that they can bring about their own justification and salvation by their own merits independent of faith (trusting) in the Lord.<\/p>\n

The patristic writer Ambrosiaster said many centuries ago something that still holds true today: \u201cIt is obvious that Christ cannot be believed in if he is not obeyed\u201d (Ambrosiaster, Commentary on<\/em> Romans, <\/em>at 10:14). Last century none other than Rudolph Bultmann himself wrote the heading, \u201cPaul understands faith primarily as obedience<\/em>\u201d (The Theology of the New Testament, <\/em>New York: Scribner\u2019s, 1951: 314 [\u00a735.1]). And now most recently, Emmanual Oumarou writes that \u201cPistis <\/em>[faith] and obedience are like two sides of the same coin. One cannot have one without the other.\u201d*<\/strong><\/p>\n

What type of genitive is \u201cof faith\u201d in the obedience of faith? <\/strong><\/h2>\n

The Greek noun for faith (pistis) <\/em>in Romans 1:5 is in the genitive case: piste\u00f4s <\/em>or \u201cof faith.\u201d Scholars have spilled much ink over what type of genitive this might be. Among the most prominent options are these:<\/p>\n

\nAn objective genitive (obedience to the faith, whether doctrinally or as shorthand for the gospel\/message about faith)<\/li>\nA subjective genitive (obedience required by faith, obedience that faith produces)<\/li>\nA descriptive or adjectival genitive (believing obedience, faithful obedience, loyal\/allegiant obedience)<\/li>\nAn appositional or epexegetical genitive (obedience which is or consists of faith\/faith which consists of obedience)<\/li>\nA genitive of source (obedience that comes from faith)<\/li>\nSome sort of combination of these options.**<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nAssessing the Options<\/h3>\n

The first option (objective genitive) makes sense if we understand faith here as shorthand for the gospel<\/em> (notice again Romans 1:1). This is complimentary with the way Paul speaks about the \u201chearing of faith\u201d in Galatians 3:2 and 5. Also, \u201cfaith\u201d seems to be interchangeable with \u201cgospel\u201d (or with those who trust in the gospel) in passages such as Galatians 1:23; 3:22\u201323. Elsewhere, see Acts 6:7.<\/p>\n

A number of scholars these days, however, seem to lean towards the fourth option (epexegetical genitive). This viewpoint supports that faith and obedience are virtually interchangeable here. When we read passages such as Roman 10:16; 11:23, 30\u201331, this appears to be the case. We should also take into consideration the parallel in Romans 1:8 with 16:19. In the former text, Paul claims that the Romans\u2019 faith is proclaimed among the whole world; similarly, in the latter verse, Paul claims that the Romans\u2019 obedience has reached to all.<\/p>\n

However, I would suggest that the \u201cobedience of faith\u201d probably should not be boiled down to just one genitive option. It may be too complex for that. Unless we like option number four, some sort of combination may be the best choice.<\/p>\n

In Romans 1:3\u20134 we learn that the gospel centers on the content of Jesus as the son of God and Davidic messiah who rose again from the dead. The gospel\u2019s content, <\/em>however, must be appropriated<\/em> if it is to save Jews and gentiles. This is what Romans 1:16-17 explicates. If so, it would seem that the \u201cobedience of faith\u201d has to do with that appropriation. For Michael Wolter, the \u201cobedience of faith\u201d refers to the assent\/approval\/agreement to and acceptance of the gospel that God through Christ brings salvation to all humans.***<\/strong><\/p>\n

Obedience as a Responsive Faith<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n

For Paul\u2019s recipients in Rome, faithfulness would seem to assume obedience. The conquered nations were forced to make peace treaties with Rome. As Jason Myers puts it, \u201cDisobedience broke the treaty with Rome and was the antecedent to war. Likewise, continued loyalty or obedience to Rome resulted in receiving the blessings that Rome could provide, whether through military protection or other incentives.\u201d (Paul, the Apostle of Obedience<\/a>: Reading Obedience in Romans<\/em>, London: T&T Clark, 2023: 122).<\/p>\n

After hearing the gospel about Christ, the listeners were expected not only to believe the message but respond in conformity to that message. In the Old Testament the Hebrew word for hearing (\u05e9\u05de\u05e2\/ shema<\/em>) often included the notion of answering or adhering to something. In short, the word assumes obedience. Pauline obedience seems to be similar and is rightly discerned by James Dunn as \u201cresponsive hearing.\u201d \u201c\u2018The obedience of faith,\u2019 then, characterizes faith as not merely receptive but also responsive.\u201d (The Theology of Paul the Apostle<\/a>, <\/em>Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1998:635). Leander Keck views the phrase both in terms of faith being the obedient response to the gospel, and obedience as actualized faith necessary for new moral living under Jesus (Romans<\/a>, <\/em>ANTC, Nashville: Abingdon, 2005: 45\u201346).<\/p>\n

Obedience, then, involves a favorable response to the gospel of Jesus as Messiah. At the same time, faith\/trust makes a person righteous before God, and the righteous-by-faith person \u201clives\u201d by continual obedience and faith (Rom 1:17). The obedience of faith, with an accent on faith,<\/em> gets <\/em>you into a relationship with God and Christ, and it also keeps <\/em>you in that relationship with an accent placed on obedience.<\/p>\n

Take Home Points<\/strong><\/h2>\n\nThe obedience of faith may not be best captured by a mere genitive marker; it is too complex and multifaceted for that.<\/li>\nIt may be better to interpret the obedience of faith as a response<\/em> to the gospel about Christ, which then results in a transformed life that is lived out in continual faith and obedience.<\/li>\nThe term thus does not appear to distill merely what results from the conversion experience, but it includes the ongoing responsibility<\/em> of operating on the principle of faith and obedience so as to exercise love and reject deeds of the \u201cflesh\u201d (see Romans 8:2\u201314; 13:8\u201310). When a hearer initially responds to the gospel by faith, more faith and further responses of obedience will be expected in appreciation of the gift of salvation given to that hearer by the divine Benefactor.<\/li>\nThe point of this rare phrase Paul will unfold throughout the letter. Participation in God\u2019s righteousness requires faith (Romans 1\u20134), and that faith must express itself through ongoing obedience to Christ and the gospel (Romans 5\u201315).<\/li>\nFaith is perhaps best understood as \u201ctrust,\u201d but that\u2019s a different lesson! See B. J. Oropeza, \u201cWhat Christians Can Learn from Philo on Faith \u2026 or Trust?<\/a>\u201c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\nNotes<\/strong><\/h3>\n*************
** **************<\/strong> \u201cMerging Believing Faith and Obedient Faith: Implications of the Semantic Scope of Pistis <\/em>on the Integrative Conceptualization of the Term in the New Testament,\u201d\u00a0 American Journal of Biblical Theology <\/em>5 (2023) 196\u2013222, quote from 209.<\/p>\n****

\u00a0**<\/strong> Don B. Garlington, Faith, Obedience and Perseverance<\/a>: Aspects of Paul\u2019s Letter to the Romans<\/em> (Mohr-Siebeck, 1994), 10\u201331; idem, The Obedience of Faith <\/em>(Mohr-Siebeck, 1991), proposes that Paul probably expresses two of these at the same time\u2014obedience as both the product of faith and that consists of faith.<\/p>\n

\u00a0***<\/strong> cp. Rom 10:14-17; 1 Cor 1:21; 2:4f; 15:11, 14; Gal 1:23; 3:2, 5: Der Brief an die R\u00f6mer, <\/em>EKK; Patmos: Neukirchen-Vluyn, 2014: 1.93)<\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The obedience of faith\u2014what does it mean? In Romans 1:5 we read that the reason Paul was specially selected by the Lord to become an apostle was for the purpose of bringing about the \u201cobedience of faith\u201d (\u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03ae\u03bd\u00a0 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \/ hupako\u00ean piste\u00f4s) among all nations on behalf of Christ. The importance of the phrase is […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4338,"featured_media":3329,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1168,2342,395,392,272,603,1324,448,2369,89,181,520,2333,2372],"tags":[882,2381,2384,2378,2375,891],"class_list":["post-3341","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apostle-paul","category-belief","category-bible-study","category-biblical-theology","category-christian-behavior","category-faith","category-gospel","category-interpretation","category-obedience","category-paul-the-apostle-studies","category-pauline-theology","category-romans","category-trust","category-works","tag-belief","tag-genitive","tag-obedience","tag-obedience-of-faith","tag-romans-15","tag-works"],"yoast_head":"\nWhat does "the Obedience of Faith" mean in Romans 1:5?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The obedience of faith\u2014what does it mean? 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Oropeza\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@bjoropeza1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"B. J. 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In Romans 1:5 we read that the reason Paul was specially selected by the Lord to become an apostle was for the purpose of bringing about the \u201cobedience of faith\u201d (\u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03ae\u03bd\u00a0 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \/ hupako\u00ean piste\u00f4s) among all nations on behalf of Christ. The importance of the phrase is clearly evident. It reappears at the letter\u2019s end in Romans 16:26, forming as it were bookends at the virtual beginning and ending of this epistle\u2014an inclusio.The phrase also seems to be implied in the thesis","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/2024\/05\/what-does-the-obedience-of-faith-mean-in-romans-15\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/2024\/05\/what-does-the-obedience-of-faith-mean-in-romans-15\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/2024\/05\/what-does-the-obedience-of-faith-mean-in-romans-15\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"What does the Obedience of Faith mean in Romans?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/","name":"In Christ","description":"Biblical Perspectives for those who Participate \u201cin Christ\u201d","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/#\/schema\/person\/b07e6aeec7a5fc78bc9e764895dbcd5a","name":"B. J. Oropeza","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bbe80d07d39759378cc055efb9c2d2ba?s=96&d=identicon&r=pg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bbe80d07d39759378cc055efb9c2d2ba?s=96&d=identicon&r=pg","caption":"B. J. Oropeza"},"description":"Dr. B. J. Oropeza is a recognized scholar in the area of New Testament studies, the Apostle Paul, and various theological issues. He obtained his Ph. D. from Durham University (U.K.) in New Testament Theology. He is Professor Emeritus of Biblical and Religious Studies at Azusa Pacific University and Seminary (Azusa, California). He has also held positions or has been a scholar in residence at Princeton Theological Seminary, the University of T\u00fcbingen, Asbury Seminary, and George Fox University. He has published numerous books and articles, some of which have been translated into Korean, Vietnamese, Portuguese, German, Croatian, Greek, and Arabic. Among his publications include The Gospel of Paul (Eerdmans, forthcoming); Perspectives on Paul: Five Views (Baker); the Scripture, Texts, and Tracings series (Fortress Academic); Exploring Intertextuality (Cascade); Jesus and Paul: Global Perspectives in Honor of James D. G. Dunn (T. & T. Clark\/Bloomsbury); a three-volume set subtitled Apostasy in the New Testament Communities (Cascade), entries in the Oxford Encyclopedia of Bible and Theology, the Oxford Encyclopedia of Biblical Interpretation, and on the lighter side of things, The Gospel according to Superheroes (Peter Lang). He contributed to the NRSVue translation, is a member of the Society of New Testament Studies (SNTS), and started the Intertextuality in the New Testament section at the Society of Biblical Literature (SBL) national conferences.","sameAs":["https:\/\/azusa.academia.edu\/BjOropeza","https:\/\/twitter.com\/bjoropeza1"],"url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/author\/boropeza\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3341","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4338"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3341"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3341\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3329"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3341"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3341"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/inchrist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3341"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}