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History and Religion

2024-07-25T10:47:24-04:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

Tertullian on Baptismal Regeneration

Last updated on: July 25, 2024 at 10:47 am By Dave Armstrong

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Tertullian lived from c. 160 to c. 225. Happy is our sacrament of water, in that, by washing away the sins of our early blindness, we are set free and admitted into eternal life! (On Baptism, ch. 1) Water was the first to produce that which had life, that it might be no wonder in baptism if waters know how to give life. (On Baptism, ch. 3) To our flesh — as it emerges from the font, after its old sins flies the dove of the Holy Spirit, bringing us the peace of God,... Read more

Fathers of the Church

baptismal regeneration

church fathers & baptism

infant baptism

patristic sacramentology

sacraments

Tertullian & baptism

2026-06-06T00:51:51-04:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

Biblical Canon & Sola Scriptura (vs. Jordan Cooper)

Last updated on: June 6, 2026 at 12:51 am By Dave Armstrong

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Rev. Dr. Jordan B. Cooper is a Lutheran pastor, adjunct professor of Systematic Theology, Executive Director of the popular Just & Sinner YouTube channel, and the President of the American Lutheran Theological Seminary (which holds to a doctrinally traditional Lutheranism, similar to the Lutheran Church – Missouri Synod). He has authored several books, as well as theological articles in a variety of publications. All my Bible citations are from RSV, unless otherwise indicated. Jordan’s words will be in blue. This is my 17th reply to Jordan (many more... Read more

Bible and Tradition

Fathers of the Church

councils of Carthage & Hippo

Jordan Cooper

sola Scriptura & the canon

2024-07-25T19:58:27-04:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

Is Celibacy “Superior” to Marriage in Some Sense?

Last updated on: July 25, 2024 at 7:58 pm By Dave Armstrong

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Reformed Baptist Gavin Ortlund stated in his video, “Clerical Celibacy: A Protestant Critique” (7-14-24) at 2:16: . . . related to that the concern is a conception of celibacy as intrinsically more excellent than marriage in its nature as opposed to just a more fitting and expedient arrangement according to God’s calling. First of all, I fully agree that God’s calling is paramount. We all must follow the vocation that God has for us. Vocation isn’t relevant only to priests... Read more

Church (Ecclesiology)

2024-07-23T15:06:31-04:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

Irenaeus & Clement of Alexandria on Baptism

Last updated on: July 23, 2024 at 3:06 pm By Dave Armstrong

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St. Irenaeus (130-202) There are as many schemes of redemption as there are teachers of these mystical opinions. And when we come to refute them, we shall show in its fitting-place, that this class of men have been instigated by Satan to a denial of that baptism which is regeneration to God, and thus to a renunciation of the whole [Christian] faith. (Against Heresies, Bk. I, ch. 21, 1; c. 180) The baptism instituted by the visible Jesus was for the remission of sins, . . . (Against Heresies,... Read more

Fathers of the Church

baptismal regeneration

church fathers & baptism

infant baptism

Irenaeus & baptism

patristic sacramentology

sacraments

2024-07-23T15:08:58-04:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

Church Fathers & Baptism: Justin Martyr

Last updated on: July 23, 2024 at 3:08 pm By Dave Armstrong

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I will also relate the manner in which we dedicated ourselves to God when we had been made new through Christ; lest, if we omit this, we seem to be unfair in the explanation we are making. As many as are persuaded and believe that what we teach and say is true, and undertake to be able to live accordingly, are instructed to pray and to entreat God with fasting, for the remission of their sins that are past, we praying and fasting with them. Then they are brought by us where... Read more

Fathers of the Church

baptismal regeneration

church fathers & baptism

infant baptism

Justin Martyr & baptism

patristic sacramentology

sacraments

2024-07-22T16:29:15-04:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

Real Presence, 1 Cor 11:27, & Protestant Commentary

Last updated on: July 22, 2024 at 4:29 pm By Dave Armstrong

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+ Martin Luther’s Superb Exegesis of the Passage 1 Corinthians 11:27-30 (RSV) Whoever, therefore, eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of profaning the body and blood of the Lord. [28] Let a man examine himself, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup. [29] For any one who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment upon himself. [30] That is why many... Read more

Protestant eucharistic theology

Real presence

sacraments

transubstantiation

2024-07-19T13:13:25-04:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

Bible vs. Faith Alone: Acts 15:9

Last updated on: July 19, 2024 at 1:13 pm By Dave Armstrong

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Acts 15:9 (RSV) and he made no distinction between us and them [the Gentiles], but cleansed their hearts by faith. [similar: Weymouth, ESV] Protestantism formally separated sanctification from justification in a way contrary to the Bible. Justification saves through faith alone, according to their view. Sanctification and good works, on the other hand, are definitely encouraged and regarded as necessary in the Christian life, but are not a cause of either justification or salvation; only God’s grace and our faith accomplish... Read more

Salvation & Justification

Acts 15:9

faith & works

Faith Alone

Protestant soteriology

sanctification

Sola Fide

2024-07-18T13:47:23-04:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

Bible vs. Faith Alone: Acts 26:18

Last updated on: July 18, 2024 at 1:47 pm By Dave Armstrong

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Acts 26:18 (RSV) . . . that they may turn from darkness to light and from the power of Satan to God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins and a place among those who are sanctified by faith in me. Protestantism formally separated sanctification from justification in a way contrary to the Bible. Justification saves through faith alone, according to their view. Sanctification and good works, on the other hand, are definitely encouraged and regarded as necessary in the... Read more

Salvation & Justification

Acts 26:18

faith & works

Faith Alone

Protestant soteriology

sanctification

Sola Fide

2026-06-06T00:51:51-04:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

Bp. Barron’s Word on Fire Bible (The Promised Land)

Last updated on: June 6, 2026 at 12:51 am By Dave Armstrong

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I have reviewed the previous three installments of Bishop Robert Barron’s planned seven-volume Word on Fire Bible: Volume I: The Gospels, Volume II: Acts, Letters and Revelation, and Volume III: The Pentateuch. Volume IV: The Promised Land is, like all of the others, bound in beautiful leather, with page edges of brilliant gold foil. The text utilizes the NRSV version, and is chock-full of relentlessly insightful and interesting commentary from Catholic luminaries, as well as gorgeous reproductions of great Catholic... Read more

Bible and Tradition

Bishop Robert Barron

Catholic Bibles

Catholic biblical commentary

Catholic exegesis

Vol. IV The Promised Land

Word on Fire Bible

2024-07-15T13:20:56-04:00

LOGO Patheos Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.

Bible vs. Faith Alone: Romans 6:22

Last updated on: July 15, 2024 at 1:20 pm By Dave Armstrong

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Romans 6:22 (RSV) But now that you have been set free from sin and have become slaves of God, the return you get is sanctification and its end, eternal life. Protestantism formally separated sanctification from justification in a way contrary to the Bible. Justification saves through faith alone, according to their view. Sanctification and good works, on the other hand, are definitely encouraged and regarded as necessary in the Christian life, but are not a cause of either justification or... Read more

Salvation & Justification

faith & works

Faith Alone

Protestant soteriology

Romans 6:22

sanctification

Sola Fide

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