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Eucharist, Sacrifice of the Mass, & Liturgical Issues

Eucharist, Sacrifice of the Mass, & Liturgical Issues

Last updated on: July 27, 2026 at 11:55 am by Dave Armstrong

Eucharist, Sacrifice of the Mass, & Liturgical Issues 2026-07-27T11:55:11-04:00 Dave Armstrong

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[published in February 2011, 222 pages]

[see full book and purchase information]

***

TABLE OF CONTENTS

***

The Holy Eucharist

I. GENERAL / TRANSUBSTANTIATION

II. JOHN, CHAPTER 6 IN PARTICULAR

III. WINE AND GRAPE JUICE

IV. DIALOGUES WITH PROTESTANTS

The Sacrifice of the Mass

V. CHURCH FATHERS AND PROTESTANT SCHOLARS

VI. GENERAL / EUCHARISTIC ADORATION

VII. EUCHARISTIC ADORATION

VIII. PRIESTHOOD AND PRIESTS

IX. THE IDOLATRY CHARGE

Liturgical Issues

X. TRIDENTINE MASS / “NEW” / PAULINE MASS

XI. COMMUNION IN THE HAND / REVERENCE AND SOLEMNITY / POSTURE

XII. ABUSES OF THE RUBRICS / ORANS AND HAND-HOLDING DURING THE OUR FATHER

XIII. ALTAR GIRLS

XIV. EXTRAORDINARY MINISTERS OF HOLY COMMUNION

XV. “VAIN REPETITION” AND “DEAD” FORMAL WORSHIP CHARGES / THE ROSARY

XVI. MASS OBLIGATION, SUNDAY WORSHIP, AND HOLY DAYS

XVII. COMMUNION IN ONE KIND OR SPECIES

XVIII. CLOSED / RESTRICTED COMMUNION

XIX. MUSIC AT MASS

XX. MISCELLANEOUS

***

I. THE HOLY EUCHARIST: GENERAL / TRANSUBSTANTIATION

The Sarxon Fallacy, Refuted: A Eucharistic Satire (Reply to an Evangelical Spoof of Catholic Eucharistic Beliefs) [9-6-91; commentary added on 3-17-08]

Reflections on the Holy Eucharist & Transubstantiation [3-8-92; slightly revised on 2-26-94]

The Eucharist, Incarnation, and Reason: Reflections [1994]

Fictional Dialogue on Eucharistic Real Presence [1995]

The Eucharist: This is My Body [3-8-92; rev. May 1996]

Transubstantiation: A Philosophical & Rational Defense [1996]

“Is This God?” (Treatise on the Eucharist) [January 2000]

Sacramentarian Controversies (Calvin vs. Luther vs. Zwingli) [3-29-04]

Eucharistic Real Presence: Luther’s Magnificent Defense [6-21-04]

St. Paul on Profaning the Body and Blood of Jesus [2004]

Sacraments & the Moral Responsibility of Their Recipients [8-26-06]

Bible on Holy Places & Things [1-8-08]

Bible on Salvation via Baptism & Eucharist [5-28-08]

Bible on Physical Objects as Aids in Worship [4-7-09]

Do 70% of Catholics Deny Transubstantiation? NO! [4-18-09]

Quiz on Early Protestant / “Reformation” Eucharistic Harmony [8-23-09]

Sacramentalism & Ex Opere Operato (vs. Calvin #37) [10-21-09]
*

Eucharist: Physical, Symbolic, or “Mystical”? (vs. Calvin #41) [11-24-09]

Transubstantiation: Bible & the Fathers (vs. Calvin #42) [24-25 November 2009]
*

Eucharist: Ubiquity, Signs, Lutheranism, Etc. (vs. Calvin #43) [11-27-09]
*

Eucharist: Rationalism, Nestorianism, & Docetism (vs. Calvin #44) [11-30-09]
*

Bizarre “Eucharistic Christology” vs. Tertullian (vs. Calvin #45) [12-1-09]
*

Eucharist: Incoherent “Spiritual Presence” (vs. Calvin #46) [12-2-09]
*

Eucharistic Adoration: Idolatry or Biblical? (vs. Calvin #47) [12-2-09]
*

Eucharist: Radical Symbolism & Docetism (vs. Calvin #48) [12-3-09]
*

Thoughts on Philosophical Theology & the Eucharist [Feb. 2011]

Books by Dave Armstrong: Biblical Catholic Eucharistic Theology [2-22-11]

Biblical Evidence for Worship of God Via an Image [6-24-11]

Bible On God’s Special Presence Prior to the Incarnation [2011]

Luther & Lutherans on the Duration of Real Presence in the Eucharist, the Elevation, and Adoration (Bishop Bossuet) [1-27-12]

The Eucharist: A Different Kind of Miracle? [Seton Magazine, 7-2-14]

Luther: Ex Opere Operato Eucharistic Principle is True [11-12-14]
*

Eucharist: Orthodox and Catholic Views [5-3-13 and 15 and 20 September 2016]

The Biblical Understanding of Holy Places and Things [National Catholic Register, 4-11-17]
*

Transubstantiation, John 6, Faith and Rebellion [National Catholic Register, 12-3-17]

The Holy Eucharist and the Treachery of Judas [National Catholic Register, 4-6-18]
*

Does the Holy Eucharist Give Us Spiritual “Power”? [7-26-18]

Transubstantiation is No More Inscrutable Than Many Doctrines [National Catholic Register, 9-26-18]
*

No, Pope Francis Did Not Deny Transubstantiation (Phenomenological Language in Holy Scripture and in the Addresses of Pope Francis) [6-25-19]

Pope Francis & Transubstantiation (vs. Sedevacantists) [7-2-19]

Vs. Pasqualucci Re Vatican II #11: Sacrosanctum Concilium & Sacrifice of the Mass [7-22-19]

Madison vs. Jesus #8: Holy Eucharist as “Grotesque Magic”? [8-7-19]

Vs. James White #5: Real Eucharistic Presence or Symbolism? [9-20-19]

Refuting Jason Engwer’s “Real Absence” Argument (Including Biblical Evidence of Analogous Miracles of a Supernatural Change of a Substance Minus Outward Physical Evidence) [11-18-21]

If You Believe in Miracles, You Should Believe in the Real Presence [National Catholic Register, 12-31-21]

Refuting the “Real Absence” Anti-Transubstantiation Argument [National Catholic Register, 1-10-22]

Holy Eucharist & Sacrifice of the Mass (chapter six [pp. 255-270] of my 2009 book, Bible Truths for Catholic Truths: A Source Book for Apologists and Inquirers) [10-19-23]

Two Quick Arguments from St. Paul Regarding Transubstantiation / Real Presence [Facebook, 6-24-24]

1 Corinthians 11:27 Can Only be Reasonably Explained by the Real Presence (and I Think, Also, Transubstantiation) [Facebook, 7-17-24]
*

Real Presence, 1 Cor 11:27, & Protestant Commentary + Martin Luther’s Superb Exegesis of the Passage [7-22-24]
*

Salvation Through the Eucharist According to Francois Turretin (1623-1687) [Facebook, 2-23-25]

Salvation Through the Eucharist According to John Calvin [Facebook, 2-24-25]
*

20 Ways the Bible Affirms the Real Presence of Christ [National Catholic Register, 5-27-25]

Why the Bible Sometimes Uses ‘Bread and Wine’ to Describe the Eucharist [National Catholic Register, 5-31-25]
*

God’s Presence, the Ark, the Eucharist, & Death [2-27-26]
*

II. THE HOLY EUCHARIST: JOHN, CHAPTER 6 IN PARTICULAR

“Catholicism Refuted”? (K. Cauley): Pt. IV: Mary / Eucharist [12-11-04]
*

Debate with a Protestant on John 6 & the Eucharist (vs. C. Michael Patton) [12-4-08]

John 6: Literal Eucharist Interpretation (Analogical Cross-Referencing and Insufficient Counter-Arguments) [8-15-09]

John 6, the Eucharist, & Parables (Dialogue) [8-16-09]

John 6 & Lack of Faith in the Real Presence of Jesus in the Eucharist as a Parallel to Doubting Disciples [2-14-11]

An undesigned coincidence involving John 6 (Dr. Lydia McGrew [Anglican]) [5-3-15]

Is John 6 About Holy Communion?: A Brief Summary for Those Who Deny the Eucharistic Connection Altogether [3-2-16]

Transubstantiation, John 6, Faith and Rebellion [National Catholic Register, 12-3-17]
*

Did Jesus’ “Hard Saying” (Jn 6) Make Disciples Leave? [3-5-19]

Madison vs. Jesus #8: Holy Eucharist as “Grotesque Magic”? [8-7-19]

Vs. James White #5: Real Eucharistic Presence or Symbolism? [9-20-19]

Apostasy of Disciples (Jn 6:66) & Protestant Commentaries [1-28-21]

Was Jesus Unclear in John 6 (Eucharist)? (vs. Jason Engwer) [11-16-21]

Was Jesus Unclear in John Chapter 6? [National Catholic Register, 1-25-22]

Implausibility of Non-Literal, Non-Eucharistic Exegesis of John 6 [Catholic 365, 11-3-23]

John 6 & the Eucharist: Reply to Collin Brooks [5-27-24]
*

VIDEO: Why Catholics are 100% Right about John 6 [with Kenny Burchard at Catholic Bible Highlights, 58 minutes, 3-5-25]

The Twelve Disciples Heard Jesus’ John 6 Discourse Before the Last Supper [Facebook, 6-10-25]
*

III. THE HOLY EUCHARIST: WINE AND GRAPE JUICE

Alcohol: Biblical / Catholic Teaching [1999]

Grape Juice in Holy Communion? [2011]

IV. THE HOLY EUCHARIST: DIALOGUES WITH PROTESTANTS

The Sarxon Fallacy, Refuted: A Eucharistic Satire (Reply to an Evangelical Spoof of Catholic Eucharistic Beliefs) [9-6-91; commentary added on 3-17-08]

John Calvin and St. Cyril of Jerusalem: Comparative Eucharistic Theology [6-14-04]

Dialogue on Calvin’s & Patristic Eucharistic Theology (Especially St. Cyril of Jerusalem’s Theology of the Eucharist) [6-19-04]
*

“Catholicism Refuted”? (K. Cauley): Pt. IV: Mary / Eucharist [12-11-04]
*

Treatise on Transubstantiation in Reply to Protestants [2-4-05; abridged and very slightly edited on 12-7-17]

Transubstantiation & Church History: Dialogue w Lutheran [2-12-05; abridged on 10-23-18]
*

John Calvin’s Erroneous Mystical View of the Eucharist [4-9-04, 9-7-05, abridged and re-edited on 11-30-17]

Development of Sacrifice of the Mass: Dialogue w Lutheran [9-22-05]
*

Answers for Protestant Eucharist Questions [7-18-07]

Holy Eucharist: Replies to a Protestant Inquirer [5-29-08]

Dialogue: Real Presence vs. [?] Holy Spirit’s Indwelling [8-15-09]

Eucharist: Physical, Symbolic, or “Mystical”? (vs. Calvin #41) [11-24-09]
*

Transubstantiation: Bible & the Fathers (vs. Calvin #42) [24-25 November 2009]
*

Eucharist: Ubiquity, Signs, Lutheranism, Etc. (vs. Calvin #43) [11-27-09]
*

Eucharist: Rationalism, Nestorianism, & Docetism (vs. Calvin #44) [11-30-09]
*

Bizarre “Eucharistic Christology” vs. Tertullian (vs. Calvin #45) [12-1-09]

Eucharist: Incoherent “Spiritual Presence” (vs. Calvin #46) [12-2-09]
*

Eucharistic Adoration: Idolatry or Biblical? (vs. Calvin #47) [12-2-09]
*

Eucharist: Radical Symbolism & Docetism (vs. Calvin #48) [12-3-09]
*

Quibble About Lutheran Dislike of the Term “Consubstantiation” and the Absence of a Similarly Descriptive Word [4-20-11]

Already 200 Views of the Eucharist by 1577 (???!!!) [Facebook, 11-10-18]

Vs. James White #5: Real Eucharistic Presence or Symbolism? [9-20-19]

Catholic Transubstantiation vs. Lutheran Consubstantiation [4-2-20]

Refuting Jason Engwer’s “Real Absence” Argument (Including Biblical Evidence of Analogous Miracles of a Supernatural Change of a Substance Minus Outward Physical Evidence) [11-18-21]

Reply to Hays’ “Catholicism” #27: Historic Exodus; NT & Jesus’ Blood; Hays vs. Omnipresence; God & Matter; Hays’ Anti-Biblical Hyper-Rationalism; Holy Eucharist & Other Miracles; Luther & the Real Presence; Manna & the Eucharist [6-7-23]

Reply to Hays’ “Catholicism” #28: Nicodemus & Baptism; Symbolic Baptism?; Universal Atonement; Relics; Hay’s Disbelief & Jn 6; Biblical Analogies to Transubstantiation; God & the Supernatural Eucharist; Eucharist & Dark Matter [6-9-23]

François Turretin and the Debate Over the Lord’s Supper [Vs. Turretin #11: Eucharist, Pt. 1] (Does a traditional literal reading of “this is my body” entail “a thousand absurdities and contradictions”? The book of Job is instructive) [2-24-25]

Reply to François Turretin #12: Transubstantiation, Pt. 1 (Does Turretin think biblically in this regard or hyper-rationally and skeptically?) [2-26-25]

Reply to François Turretin #13: Transubstantiation, Pt. 2 (Language of “bread” & “wine” after consecration; transubstantiation and transformation: compendium from the Church fathers) [2-27-25]

Reply to François Turretin #14: Eucharist, Pt. 2 (False premises; unfounded, unbiblical divine “impossibilities”; cessationism; ten types of physical divine presence) [2-28-25]

VIDEO: How Can That Be Jesus? (Turretin & the Eucharist): Calvinist Hyper-Rationalism vs. the Biblical Teaching of Twenty Kinds of God’s Presence [see the transcript of the main presentation] [Catholic Bible Highlights with Kenny Burchard, 5-23-25]

Dialogue on Reformed Eucharistic Theology [5-25-25]

VIDEO: Eucharist = Jesus? Protestant Doubts vs. Biblical Faith [see the transcript of the main presentation] [Catholic Bible Highlights with Kenny Burchard, 5-29-25]

Vs. Geisler on Catholicism #10: “Faith Alone” 2 (Including Sacraments, Grace, & Salvation; Protestants & Salvation Through Baptism & the Eucharist) [7-18-25]

VIDEO: The Real Presence: Why Protestant Arguments Keep Failing [vs. Turretin] [see also the complete transcript, including dialogue] [Catholic Bible Highlights with Kenny Burchard, 2-5-26]

VIDEO: Miraculous Eucharist (vs. Francois Turretin #4) [see also the initial transcript] [Catholic Bible Highlights with Kenny Burchard, 4-24-26]

V. THE SACRIFICE OF THE MASS: CHURCH FATHERS AND PROTESTANT SCHOLARS

St. Augustine’s Belief in the Substantial Real Presence [1996]
*

Patristic Eucharistic Doctrine: Nine Protestant Scholars [12-1-96]

John Calvin and St. Cyril of Jerusalem: Comparative Eucharistic Theology [6-14-04]

Dialogue on Calvin’s & Patristic Eucharistic Theology (Especially St. Cyril of Jerusalem’s Theology of the Eucharist) [6-19-04]
*

Transubstantiation & Church History: Dialogue w Lutheran [2-12-05; abridged on 10-23-18]
*

Eucharistic Sacrifice: The Witness of the Church Fathers [9-12-05]

Sacrifice of the Mass: Reflections on Theology & Patristics [9-22-05]

Development of Sacrifice of the Mass: Dialogue w Lutheran [9-22-05]
*

“New” / Ordinary Form / Pauline Mass: a Traditional Defense (with Massive Historical Documentation, + Summary of Vatican II on Liturgical Reform) [6-18-08]

Sacrifice of the Mass / Cyprian’s Ecclesiology (vs. Calvin #11) [5-19-09]
*

Transubstantiation: Bible & the Fathers (vs. Calvin #42) [24-25 November 2009]
*

Eucharist: Rationalism, Nestorianism, & Docetism (vs. Calvin #44) [11-30-09]
*

Bizarre “Eucharistic Christology” vs. Tertullian (vs. Calvin #45) [12-1-09]
*

Eucharistic Adoration: Idolatry or Biblical? (vs. Calvin #47) [12-2-09]
*

Church Fathers and the Sacrifice of the Mass (Thoroughly Catholic!) [12-11-09]
*

St. Augustine’s Eucharistic Doctrine and Protestant “Co-Opting” [9-25-10]
*

St. Augustine Accepted All Seven Catholic Sacraments [9-25-10]

St. Augustine’s Eucharistic Doctrine: Simultaneous Assertion of Realism and Symbolism [2-17-11]

What Saint Augustine, Bishop, Saint and Doctor of the Catholic Church Actually Held Pertaining to Transubstantiation: A Response to Turretinfan (+ Part Two) (Paul Hoffer) [8-20-11]
*

Holy Communion in the Hand (Norm till 500-900 AD) [9-3-15; some additions on 3-13-20]
*

St. Augustine’s Communion (Standing, in the Hand) [10-4-15]

“Re-Presentation” vs. “Re-Sacrifice” in the Mass: Doctrinal History [4-4-18]

Vs. James White #5: Real Eucharistic Presence or Symbolism? [9-20-19]

Did Pope Gelasius (r. 492-496) Deny Transubstantiation? [3-24-21]

VI. THE SACRIFICE OF THE MASS: GENERAL / EUCHARISTIC ADORATION

Sacrifice of the Mass: A Biblical Overview [1994]

The Sacrifice of the Mass: Classic Catholic Reflections [1994]

The Sacrifice of the Mass: A Lamb . . . Slain [3-8-92; rev. May 1996]

Sacrifice of the Mass & Hebrews 8 (vs. James White) [3-31-04]

Passover in Judaism & a Mass that Transcends Time (“Past Events Become Present Today”/ Survey of “Remember” in Scripture) [7-7-09]

The Timeless Crucifixion & the Sacrifice of the Mass [9-25-09]

Sacrifice of the Mass and NT Altars (vs. Calvin #49) [12-9-09]
*

“Altar”: Inconsistent Protestant Use of the Word [7-31-10]

Sacrifice of the Mass in the Synoptic and Pauline Consecration Formulas from the Last Supper [Ferdinand Prat, S. J., Facebook, 2-1-12]

Mass: Re-Sacrifice? (vs. Lutheran Pastor Ken Howes) [4-2-12]
*

What Does This Instance of Old Testament Worship Remind You of? (1 Chronicles 16:1-3) [Facebook, 9-7-13]
*

The Book of Revelation and the Holy Mass (Lots of Parallels) [Facebook, 10-9-14]
*

Catholic Mass: “Re-Sacrifice” of Jesus? [11-19-15]

Is Jesus “Re-Sacrificed” at Every Mass? [National Catholic Register, 8-19-17]

Why is Melchizedek So Important? [National Catholic Register, 1-15-18]

“Re-Presentation” vs. “Re-Sacrifice” in the Mass: Doctrinal History [4-4-18]

Time-Transcending Mass and the Hebrew “Remember” [National Catholic Register, 8-3-18]

Vs. Pasqualucci Re Vatican II #11: Sacrosanctum Concilium & Sacrifice of the Mass [7-22-19]

Crucifixes & Worship Images: “New” (?) Biblical Arguments [1-18-20]

Hebrews 10:12, Vulgate, & the Mass (James White’s Lie) [9-3-21]

Holy Eucharist & Sacrifice of the Mass (chapter six [pp. 255-270] of my 2009 book, Bible Truths for Catholic Truths: A Source Book for Apologists and Inquirers) [10-19-23]

The Sacrifice of the Mass in Hebrews & Revelation [3-6-25]

Worthy Is the Lamb Who Was Slain [Biblical Evidences for the Sacrifice of the Mass] [National Catholic Register, 3-31-25]

VIDEO: The Mass & Development of Doctrine (vs. Wes Huff) [+ transcript of the initial presentation] [Catholic Bible Highlights with Kenny Burchard, 7-3-26]

VII. THE SACRIFICE OF THE MASS: EUCHARISTIC ADORATION

Lutherans, Corpus Christi, & Eucharistic Adoration [6-18-07]

Luther Espoused Eucharistic Adoration [9-17-15]

Eucharistic Adoration: Explicit & Undeniable Biblical Analogies [2-1-19]

Intriguing Biblical Analogies to Eucharistic Adoration [National Catholic Register, 2-13-19]

VIII. THE SACRIFICE OF THE MASS: PRIESTHOOD AND PRIESTS

Biblical Evidence for the Continuation of Priests as an Office [9-13-15]

St. Paul Was a Priest [9-15-15]

Was the Apostle Paul a Priest? [National Catholic Register, 4-2-17]

Reply to a Protestant: Misc. Protestant Errors (Includes Biblical Arguments for the Catholic Priesthood) [8-17-24]

IX. THE SACRIFICE OF THE MASS: THE IDOLATRY CHARGE

Is the Mass Equivalent to OT Golden Calf Worship? [1996]

Why Transubstantiation Isn’t Idolatry At All [11-22-96]

Dialogue: Is the Mass Similar to Jeroboam’s Idolatry? [8-7-04]

Ten Commandments: Changed by Catholics to Uphold Idolatry? [9-4-04]

Is Lutheranism Officially Anti-Catholic? [4-26-05]

Lutheran View of the Mass / Catholics & Lutheran Worship [11-19-07]

Martin Luther on Crucifixes, Images and Statues of Saints, and the Sign of the Cross [4-15-08]

Catholic Mass: Can’t Possibly be Idolatrous [12-15-08]

Crucifixes: Abominable Idols or Devotional Aids? [11-10-09]

Anti-Catholics & Alleged Catholic Idol-Worship at Mass [4-11-11]

Biblical Evidence for Worship of God Via an Image [6-24-11]

Biblical Idolatry: Authentic & Counterfeit Conceptions[2015]

Newsflash!: Catholicism Utterly Opposes Idolatry, Too[1-18-17]

Catholic Mass as “Idolatry” Reductio ad Absurdum [12-7-17]
*

Eucharistic Adoration: Explicit & Undeniable Biblical Analogies [2-1-19]

The Absurdity of Claiming That the Mass is Idolatrous [National Catholic Register, 6-17-19]
*

Catholicism = Unbiblical Idolatrous Worship? [5-21-24]
*

X. LITURGICAL ISSUES: TRIDENTINE MASS / “NEW” / PAULINE MASS

“New” / Ordinary Form / Pauline Mass: a Traditional Defense (with Massive Historical Documentation, + Summary of Vatican II on Liturgical Reform) [6-18-08]
*

Reactionary & Traditionalist Reaction to Summorum Pontificum [6-23-08]

Michael Voris vs. the New (OF) Mass & Pope Benedict XVI [11-16-12]

Books by Dave Armstrong: Mass Movements: Radical Catholic Reactionaries, the New Mass, and Ecumenism [12-20-12]

Peter Kwasniewski, Fr. Thomas Kocik and a Growing Chorus Disagree with Pope Benedict XVI Regarding the Ordinary Form of the Roman Rite Mass (Or, Reports of the Death of the Reform of the Reform are Greatly Exaggerated) [+ Part Two] [2-26-14]

Who’s Defending Pope Benedict’s Summorum Pontificum Now? [2-26-14]

You Prefer the Tridentine / EF Mass? Great! You Prefer Novus Ordo / OF (like me)? Great! [8-14-15]

Two Forms of One Rite (Pope Benedict XVI) [11-4-15]

Critique of Criticisms of the New Mass [11-5-15]

Worshiping the TLM vs. Worshiping God Through It [12-16-15]

Ratzinger “Banal” Quote: Traditionalist & Reactionary Misuse [12-17-15]

Chris Ferrara vs. Pope Benedict XVI (New Mass) [12-18-15]

Superstition About the “Preserved” High Altar at Notre Dame (And Continued Cynical, Highly Selective, “Pick and Choose” Acceptance of the Teaching of Pope Benedict XVI) [4-17-19]

Vs. Pasqualucci Re Vatican II #12: Sacrosanctum Concilium & Liturgical “Creativity” [7-22-19]

Discussion on Extraordinary vs. Ordinary Form Mass (Matt Fradd’s Comment) [Facebook, 8-18-20]

We Attended an Extraordinary Form [Tridentine] Mass Today [Facebook, 8-30-20]

Pope Francis’ Traditionis Custodes is for the Sake of Unity [7-16-21]

Skojec Loathes Traditionis; Illustrates Why it is Necessary [7-19-21]

Catholics (?) Trash, Judge, & Mind-Read the Pope (In 1968, “all” the liberal Catholics rejected Humanae Vitae. Now in 2021, “all” the self-described “conservative” Catholics reject Traditionis Custodes — and none see the outright absurdity and irony of this) [7-20-21]

Traditionis Custodes Results: No Fallen Sky (I Called It) [9-6-21]

The Pauline (“New”) Mass [Ch. 14 of my book, Reflections on Radical Catholic Reactionaries (December 2002; revised in November 2023 for the purpose of the free online version) [11-27-23]

VIDEO: “New” Mass: 10 Proofs of its Ancient Roots [see also the initial transcript] [Lux Veritatis, with Kenny Burchard, 8-17-25]

XI. LITURGICAL ISSUES: COMMUNION IN THE HAND / REVERENCE AND SOLEMNITY / POSTURE

How to Receive Communion: Tradition & Abuses [1-28-00]

Dialogue on Method of Communion & Liturgical Development (vs. David Palm) [6-25-08]

Can Communion in the Hand be Equally Reverent? [7-13-11]

Bible on Reverent Posture for Worship & Communion [1-23-13]

Further Thoughts on Communion in the Hand [6-20-13]

Clarification of My Nuanced Position on Hand-Communion [7-8-13]

Communion in the Hand: More Reflections & Opinions [7-8-13]

Michael Voris & Historic Communion in the Hand (Standing) [8-8-13]

Catholic Worship & Beauty, Imagination [11-25-13]

St. Catherine of Siena Received Communion in the Hand [3-25-14]

Holy Communion in the Hand (Norm till 500-900 AD) [9-3-15; some additions on 3-13-20]

Thoughts: Communion in the Hand & Reverence [9-4-15]

Communion in the Hand & Biblical Reverence & Piety [9-5-15]

St. Augustine’s Communion (Standing, in the Hand) [10-4-15]

Taylor Marshall: Better No Jesus at All Than By Hand [+ vigorous Facebook discussion] [3-14-20]

Bishop Schneider: No Jesus Better than Hand-Communion [3-14-20]

Communion in the Hand: Reactionaries vs. St. Cyril [3-15-20]

Is God Judging the World for Communion in the Hand? [4-13-20]

Communion Posture: Examples from the Book of Revelation [4-14-20]

“Eucharistic Pharisees” (Communion in the Hand) (Original Facebook title: “Do People Choose Communion in the Hand Because They Think They Are Receiving a ‘Snack’?”) [8-8-22]

XII. LITURGICAL ISSUES: ABUSES OF THE RUBRICS / ORANS AND HAND-HOLDING DURING THE OUR FATHER /AD ORIENTEM

What Can Laypeople Do Regarding Liturgical Abuses? [2-19-08]

Posture During the “Our Father” Over Against the Rubrics [7-7-08]

Gettin’ Lousy, Milky Homilies at Mass? Start Readin’! [5-2-13]

Ad Orientem (Facing the Altar at Mass): A Defense [11-20-13]

Holding Hands at Mass During the “Our Father” [2-19-14]

What to Do About Mediocre, Milky Homilies at Mass [8-11-15]

Dialogues on Church Rubrics (Laws) & Hand-Holding at Mass [11-15-17]

Comment on the “Holding Hands During the Our Father” Controversy (in Reply to a Critical Comment) [Facebook, 11-21-17]

Debate: Teach & Enforce Liturgical Rubrics Or No? [7-15-19]

Dialogue w Two Canonists on Our Father Posture [7-16-19]
*

On the “Controversy” Over “Our Father” Posture [6-30-23]

XIII. LITURGICAL ISSUES: ALTAR GIRLS

Do Altar Girls Alter Intentions of Would-Be Altar Boys? [5-19-14]

Altar Girls: Consideration of Pro & Con Arguments [May 2014]

Dialogue on Altar Girls and Altar Boys [3-16-18]

XIV. LITURGICAL ISSUES: EXTRAORDINARY MINISTERS OF HOLY COMMUNION

Extraordinarily Excessive Use of Extraordinary Ministers [11-20-08]

Dialogue with Priests on “Eucharistic Ministers” [12-1-08]

The Preference of Receiving Holy Communion from a Priest [12-18-13]

XV. LITURGICAL ISSUES: “VAIN REPETITION” AND “DEAD” FORMAL WORSHIP CHARGES / THE ROSARY

Fictional Dialogue: “Vain Repetition” & Liturgy [1995]

Heartfelt Sacramentalism (Not Mere Charms) [1996]

Mary: Spiritual Motherhood & Rosary: Dialogue w Protestant [1-21-02]

Catholic Converts’ Qualms: Mariology, Formal Worship, Etc. [2-11-04; some new recommended links added on 5-2-17]
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Catholics Never Hear About the Gospel or Jesus at Mass? [6-4-07]

Biblical Evidence: Formal Prayer Isn’t “Vain Repetition” [2009]
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“Vain Repetition”: Jesus Shows What it’s Not (Did Jesus Condemn All Formal and/or Repetitious Prayers: Like the Rosary and the Mass?) [7-22-10]

Cardinal Gibbons on the False, Unbiblical Dichotomy Between Interior Pious Disposition and External Formal Ceremony, Liturgy, and Ritual [Facebook, 1-23-12]

Informal Worship vs. Formal Catholic Liturgy [3-4-13]

Bible on Wholehearted Formal Worship [6-4-07; revised and expanded 1-22-16]

The Rosary: “Vain Repetition” or Biblical Devotion? [5-24-16]

Is the Rosary Christ-Centered? [5-25-16]

Ritualistic, Formal Worship is a Good and Biblical Practice [National Catholic Register, 12-4-16]
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The Rosary: ‘Vain Repetition’ or Biblical Prayer? [National Catholic Register, 3-16-18]

5 Replies to Questions About Catholic (and Biblical) Prayer [National Catholic Register, 11-30-22]

Bible on Sacramentals, Liturgy, & Devotions (Ch. 10 of my book, Bible Truths for Catholic Truths: A Source Book for Apologists and Inquirers) [12-10-23]

XVI. LITURGICAL ISSUES: MASS OBLIGATION, SUNDAY WORSHIP, AND HOLY DAYS

“Optional” Confirmation Class & Mass for Teenagers? [11-13-07]

Sunday Worship vs. Sabbatarianism (Links) [1-19-08; expanded 6-28-18]

Sunday Mass Obligation: Brief Explanation and Rationale [10-7-08]

Biblical Evidences and Arguments Regarding Holy Days [9-21-09]

Biblical Evidence for Sunday Worship [12-1-15]

Reply on Reasons for the Sunday Mass Obligation [6-26-18]
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Reasons for the Sunday Mass Obligation [National Catholic Register, 11-14-18]
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Debate on JW Antipathy to Holy Days & Christmas [12-21-18]
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XVII. LITURGICAL ISSUES: COMMUNION IN ONE KIND OR SPECIES

Bible on Receiving One Species in Communion [3-11-08 and 6-24-11]
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Does Communion in One Kind “Trivialize” the Sacrament? [1-31-12]
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Chalice or Host Only Contain the Body & Blood of Christ (Reply to Two Direct Challenges from the Calvinist Anti-Catholic Sophist and Polemicist, “Turretinfan”) [11-21-19]

The Host and Chalice Both Contain Christ’s Body and Blood [National Catholic Register, 12-10-19]

Augsburg Confession Dialogues: Communion In One Kind [5-6-24]
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Martin Luther: Christ Didn’t Require Both Kinds in Holy Communion [Facebook, 8-20-24]

Trent: “Christ whole and entire is under the species of bread, . . . likewise the whole (Christ) is under the species of wine, and under the parts thereof” [Facebook, 1-9-25]
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VIDEO: Eucharist in One Species (Bible vs. Jordan Cooper) [see also the transcript of the initial presentation] [Catholic Bible Highlights with Kenny Burchard, 1-11-26]

XVIII. LITURGICAL ISSUES: CLOSED / RESTRICTED COMMUNION

Exclusion of Non-Catholics from Communion: Why? [1-30-03]

Catholic Closed Communion: A Defense [10-30-08]

Divorced & Remarried (Etc.) & Holy Communion [10-19-15]

Catholic Closed Communion: Reply to a Foolish Objection [12-9-17; extra note added on 3-23-18]

Why Are Non-Catholics Excluded from Holy Communion? [National Catholic Register, 7-3-19]

On Denying Communion to Pro-Abort Politicians and Other Notorious Figures: Not Quite as Clear-Cut in Catholic History as we Might Suppose [Facebook: Fr. Angel Sotelo, 11-1-19]

Cowardly (?) Bishops, Pro-Abort Biden, & Holy Communion [6-22-21]

Review: The Orthodoxy of Amoris Laetitia (Pedro Gabriel) [5-10-22]

Would Jesus Agree with Catholic Closed Communion and Absolution Before Communion? [Facebook, 5-14-25]

XIX. LITURGICAL ISSUES: MUSIC AT MASS

Musical Instruments in Worship: Biblical Evidence [3-22-10]

Is Modern Catholic Church Music Aesthetically Mediocre? [6-10-15; with slight revisions and additions on 3-23-18]

Church Music & Hymns in the New Testament? [1-28-16]

XX. LITURGICAL ISSUES: MISCELLANEOUS

Communitarian Aspects of Catholic Worship at Mass [11-29-07]

Women’s Head Veils in Church [7-31-08]

Our Father (Lord’s Prayer): “Debts” or “Trespasses”? [11-7-08]

Bible on Candles, Incense, & Symbolism for Prayer [2-16-09]

Sunny Optimism Regarding God’s Guidance of His Church Now and Always (Including Liturgical Discussion) [7-22-11]

Biblical Evidence Regarding Calling Priests “Father” [2-24-16]

Pope Francis Foot-Washing Controversy Redux [3-26-16]

The Art and Science of Lectoring [Facebook, 7-16-18]

Bible on Sacramentals, Liturgy, & Devotions (Ch. 10 of my book, Bible Truths for Catholic Truths: A Source Book for Apologists and Inquirers) [12-10-23]

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Practical Matters: This is the most comprehensive and multi-faceted Catholic apologetics blog: rated #1 for Christian sites by leading AI tool, ChatGPT. I offer more than 5,000 free online articles, fifty-nine books, and many scores of videos at the Catholic Bible Highlights YouTube channel (please subscribe!). If you believe my full-time apostolate is worth supporting, please seriously consider financially supporting it. PayPal donations are the easiest: just send to my email address: [email protected]. You’ll see the term “Dave Armstrong Bookstore”. To learn about the different methods of contributing (including Zelle and 100% tax-deductible donations if desired), see my page: About Catholic Apologist Dave Armstrong / Donation Information. Thanks a million!

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Last updated on 9 July 2026

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